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 Frequently
Asked Questions
Instead
of land filling or incinerating municipal solid waste (MSW)
and other industrial waste streams, whether
hazardous or non-hazardous, using the IES pyrolytic
gasification process as the core technology for a
"waste-to-energy" facility can produce clean,
renewable energy. The process is very efficient, with
over 99%
of the waste processed being converted to energy and other
saleable by-products. The APS, as opposed to
incineration, has very low emissions with no fly ash produced,
only a carbon char residue, which can be less
than 10% of the original volume.
Waste
does not have to be a liability. In fact, it is a
valuable resource. Our society has made waste a
liability because of the way we have chosen to handle our
waste disposal. The IES Advanced Pyrolytic System
utilizes waste by recycling 99.9% of the processed material
making it a valuable asset as a fuel for generating clean,
renewable energy
Pyrolysis
has been known for hundreds of years, primarily used in a
batch feed system. Until recently, however, it has not
been engineered effectively as a continuous feed system, which
would allow for the use of the by-products, such as
high-temperature steam for producing electricity on a
continuous basis. IES has developed a commercially
viable pyrolytic conversion system that is efficient,
reliable, continuous, and environmentally safe. The APS
is designed for trouble free operation.
In
the past, a general abundance of inexpensive electrical power
and ample landfills have limited the commercial viability of
this technology for MSW. However, now with the growing
need for energy, closures of landfills, the high cost of
opening new ones, the negative environmental impact of
incinerating, pyrolytic technology now offers an
environmentally safe and cost effective solution for
"waste-to-energy" facilities.
Green
electricity is defined as electricity produced from renewable
sources. Generally, solar, wind, and geothermal power s
thought of as renewable energy. MSW and other wastes are
renewable when used as the feedstock that supplements the
energy produced from waste is green electricity. The APS
actually generates excess heat that is recovered which is
converted to steam. This steam s the fuel that generates
electricity through steam turbine generators.
Yes,
it does, but it is significantly lower than what is produced
from landfills and other processes. The APS reduced CO2
(greenhouse gases) by two-thirds of what would be produced by
placing the same volume of waste in a landfill. The IES
pyrolytic system produces far less CO2 than the traditional
power plants on coal, diesel, and natural gas, which
contributes substantially to the greenhouse effect. R
& D is being completed over the next year to eliminate the
generation of an CO2 emissions from the APS, allowing IES to
help in the reduction of the greenhouse effect. The
elimination of the CO2 will also allow the APS to be eligible
for emission credits.
The
U.S. alone produced 250 million tons of MSW in 2000.
Industrial non-hazardous waste added another 7.6 billion tons.
In addition, medical waste and hazardous waste also added a
significant volume of waste. This large quantity of
waste can produce an extraordinary amount of power.
If
the quantity of MSW were converted into electricity using our
process it would be able to generate in excess of 30,000
megawatt hours of electricity. This amount of
electricity is equal to more than 15 large coal-fired power
plants.
For
a plant processing 43 tons per hour (1,000 tons per day) of
MSW, more than 35 megawatts per hour of "green"
Renewable power can be produced.
The
APS is a very environmentally responsible cogeneration and
recycling system. It provides a long term solution for
disposing of residential, commercial, and industrial wastes.
it also allows for the stabilization of disposal fees, which
will be passed on to the customers. At the same time,
the facility will provide jobs and long term income to the
municipalities it serves. it will also provide the
surrounding communities with a source of alternative energy.
The
American Heritage dictionary defines recycling as the
extraction and reuse of useful substances found in waste.
The IES Advanced Pyrolytic System is the ultimate form of
recycling. Over 99.9% of the waste processed is recycled
into energy and by-products, optimizing beneficial reuse.
The
IES Advanced Pyrolytic System can process any type of waste,
to include both liquid and solid. Every waste stream is
processed in the same environmentally responsible manner,
producing clean, renewable energy and any of the by-products
(carbon char) are salable. All the wastes - - household
garbage, glass, yard waste, oil waste, sludge/biosolids,
plastics, paints, medical waste, contaminated soils, tires,
etc. can all be processed and recycled to produce energy.
The
APS can process both non-hazardous and hazardous waste
materials. Although the APS can process hazardous waste,
the facility must be permitted to handle "hazardous"
waste materials. in addition, the material handling for
the permit, and feed must be designed specifically for
hazardous waste. Hazardous waste will be processed only
if proper permits can be obtained.
The
plant size will vary from the amount of waste material that
needs to be disposed of or processed. The plant size is
based on the "tons per day." A plant will be
in operation twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week.
The APS is modular so that multiple lines are used to increase
a plants capacity as needed.
When
handling waste there are sometimes odors, but the APS can be
placed inside an enclosed building. The receiving area
is all enclosed and the odors are pulled through and directed
to the oxidizer where they are destroyed. Since the APS
is a continuous process, only enough material is stored to
operate the plant on a daily basis. odors are minimized
by the continuous process, and then contained and processed
along with the waste.
The
APS has a scheduled maintenance program of two (2) weeks or
less per year. With most facilities there will usually
be multiple systems, which means that only one is shut down at
a time, allowing for the processing of waste to continue.
In
designing a facility, IES takes into account many operational
contingencies and procedures are engineered into facility
design. These contingency plans are reviewed to ensure
that waste and all by-products are handled properly should any
unforeseen events occur that cause the plant to go off-line.
The
APS can produce electricity even if the waste stream is
interrupted for any reason. If there is an economic need
for continued energy production, the APS has been designed to
operate it's oxidizer in a duct-firing configuration that will
allow for energy production when necessary.
A
facility using the Advanced Pyrolytic System incorporates a
complete Municipal Recycling Facility (MRF) allowing for the
best reuse of the recyclable materials.
Any
facility using the IES technology does not create any new
waste streams, and the emissions from the plant are monitored
by the EPA and state regulatory agencies. The facility
itself is designed with the highest safety standards.
The system and has the most up to date control systems for
safe operation.
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